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A verb form such as makes or was writing where the subject is the person doing the action, cf. passive

A word like short, red, or exciting, that tells you about the qualities of a person or thing or event.

A word like slowly,well, there, or now, which tells you about the circumstances of an event, such as how or where or when it happens.

A word or group of words that functions like an adverb and gives you more information about the circumstances of an event. Adverb ials can be adverbphrase s, like very slowly, or preposition al phrase s, like in the corner, or nounphrase s, like yesterday afternoon.

The determiner the (definite article) or a/an (indefinite article) .

A verb form that expresses the speaker’s view of the event described by the verb , such as whether it is in progress, or complete. There are two aspect s in English progressive ( or continuous) and perfect.

Grammar word s like do, had, was, etc. that are used with main verbs , like want, play, get up, etc. to form tense s, questions, and negatives.